Kaolin yi minerali non-metallic, nto leyo ilitye lodongwe kunye nodongwe ikakhulu yakhiwe kaolinite iqela izimbiwa zodongwe.Ngenxa yembonakalo yayo emhlophe kunye nethambileyo, ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba weBaiyun.Yathiywa ngeGaoling Village eJingdezhen, kwiPhondo laseJiangxi.

I-kaolin yayo esulungekileyo imhlophe, intekenteke, kwaye ithambe ngokwesimo, ineempawu ezintle zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali ezifana neplastiki kunye nokumelana nomlilo.Ukubunjwa kwayo kweeminerali ikakhulu kuqulunqwe ngamaminerali afana ne-kaolinite, i-halloysite, i-hydromica, i-illite, i-montmorillonite, kunye ne-quartz kunye ne-feldspar.I-Kaolin isetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iphepha, iiseramikhi, kunye nezixhobo zokuchasa, ilandelwa ziingubo zokugquma, izihluzi zerabha, ukumenyezela kwe-enamel, kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada yesamente emhlophe.Isixa esincinci sisetyenziswa kwiplastiki, ipeyinti, ibala, amavili okusila, iipensile, izithambiso zemihla ngemihla, isepha, izibulali-zinambuzane, amayeza, amalaphu, i-petroleum, imichiza, izinto zokwakha, ukhuselo lwelizwe kunye namanye amacandelo oshishino.

Iiminerali eziqulethwe kwi-kaolin ngokwendalo zohlulwe ikakhulu zibe ziiminerali zodongwe nezingezizo ezodongwe.Iiminerali zodongwe ikakhulu ziquka iiminerali zeqela le-kaolinite kunye nexabiso elincinci le-montmorillonite, i-mica, kunye ne-chlorite;Iiminerali ezingezizo zodongwe ikakhulu ziquka i-feldspar, iquartz, kunye ne-hydrates, kunye nezinye iiminerali zentsimbi ezifana ne-hematite, i-siderite, i-limonite, iiminerali ze-titanium ezifana ne-rutile, kunye ne-organic matter efana ne-plant fibers.Into ephambili emisela ukusebenza kwe-kaolin yizimbiwa zodongwe.

I-Kaolin iye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo yezimbiwa ekrwada kumashishini amaninzi afana ne-papermaking, iiseramikhi, irabha, ubunjineli bemichiza, iingubo, amayeza, kunye nokhuselo lwesizwe.

Ishishini leceramic lelona shishini lakuqala nelona lisetyenziswa kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwekaolin.Idosi ngokubanzi yi-20% ukuya kwi-30% yefomula.Indima ye-kaolin kwi-ceramics kukuzisa i-Al2O3, enenzuzo ekubunjweni kwe-mullite, ukuphucula ukuzinza kwayo kweekhemikhali kunye namandla e-sintering.Ngexesha le-sintering, i-kaolin iyabola ukuze yenze i-mullite, yenza isakhelo esiphambili sokuqina komzimba.Oku kunokuthintela ukuguqulwa kwemveliso, ukwandisa ubushushu bokudubula, kunye nokunika umzimba iqondo elithile lobumhlophe.Kwangaxeshanye, i-kaolin inomlinganiselo othile weplastiki, ukubambelela, ukunqunyanyiswa, kunye nobuchule bokudibanisa, ukunika udaka lwe-porcelain kunye ne-glaze kunye nokwakheka okulungileyo, okwenza umzimba wodaka lwe-ceramic ube luncedo kumzimba wesithuthi kunye ne-grouting, okwenza kube lula ukuwenza.Ukuba isetyenziswe kwiingcingo, inokunyusa ukugquma kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko ye-dielectric.

I-Ceramics ayinayo kuphela imfuneko engqongqo yeplastiki, ukunamathela, ukomisa ukushwabana, ukomisa amandla, i-sintering shrinkage, iipropati ze-sintering, ukumelana nomlilo, kunye nokudubula kobumhlophe be-kaolin, kodwa kubandakanya iipropati zekhemikhali, ngakumbi ubukho bezinto ze-chromogenic ezifana nentsimbi, i-titanium, ubhedu, i-chromium, kunye ne-manganese, ezinciphisa ubumhlophe besithuba sokudubula kwaye zivelise amabala.

Imfuno yesayizi ye-kaolin ye-kaolin ngokuqhelekileyo kukuba i-finer ingcono, ukuze udaka lwe-porcelain lube neplastiki elungileyo kunye namandla omisa.Nangona kunjalo, kwiinkqubo zokuphosa ezifuna ukuphosa ngokukhawuleza, isantya esikhawulezayo se-grouting, kunye nesantya sokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, kuyimfuneko ukunyusa ubungakanani bamasuntswana ezithako.Ukongezelela, umahluko kwi-crystallinity ye-kaolinite kwi-kaolin iya kuchaphazela kakhulu inkqubo yokusebenza kweebhilidi ze-porcelain.Ukuba i-crystallinity ilungile, i-plasticity kunye ne-bonding ikhono liphantsi, i-shrinkage yokomisa incinci, ukushisa kwe-sintering kuphezulu, kwaye umxholo wokungcola nawo uyancipha;Ngokuchasene noko, iplastiki yayo iphezulu, i-shrinkage yokomisa inkulu, ukushisa kwe-sintering kuphantsi, kwaye umxholo wokungcola ohambelana nawo uphezulu.