Ilitye lentaba-mlilo (elidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-pumice okanye i-porous basalt) sisixhobo esisebenzayo nesihambelana nokusingqongileyo, nelitye elinqabileyo kakhulu elibunjwe yiglasi yentaba-mlilo, iiminerali, kunye namaqamza emva kogqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo.Ilitye le-volcanic liqulethe ezininzi iiminerali kunye nezinto ezilandelwayo ezifana nesodium, i-magnesium, i-aluminium, i-silicon, i-calcium, i-titanium, i-manganese, isinyithi, i-nickel, i-cobalt, kunye ne-molybdenum.Ayinamitha kwaye inamaza emagnethi akwi-infrared.Emva kogqabhuko-dubulo lwentaba-mlilo olungenalusini, emva kwamashumi amawaka eminyaka, abantu baya befumanisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kwayo.Ngoku iye yandise imimandla yesicelo sayo ukuya kumabala afana nolwakhiwo, ugcino lwamanzi, ukugaya, izixhobo zokuhluza, amalahle okosa inyama, ukucwangciswa komhlaba, ukulima okungenamhlaba, kunye neemveliso zokuhombisa, idlala indima engenakuphinda ibuyiselwe kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu ze-volcanic pumice (basalt) kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo ze-volcanic rock biological filter materials.
Ukubonakala kunye nokuma: Akukho zincinci ezibukhali, ukuchasana okuphantsi kokuhamba kwamanzi, akulula ukuvimba, amanzi asasazwa ngokulinganayo kunye nomoya, indawo erhabaxa, isantya sokuxhoma ifilimu ekhawulezayo, kwaye incinci kakhulu kwi-microbial film detachment ngexesha lokugungxulwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

I-Porosity: Amatye e-volcanic ngokwendalo aneeselula kwaye aneentunjana, ezenza ezona ndawo zikhula kakuhle kuluntu lwe-microbial.
Amandla oomatshini: Ngokwesebe lokuhlola umgangatho wesizwe, yi-5.08Mpa, engqinwe ukuba inokumelana neziphumo zokucheba nge-hydraulic yamandla ahlukeneyo kwaye inobomi benkonzo obude kakhulu kunezinye izixhobo zokucoca.
Ubuninzi: Ubuninzi obuphakathi, kulula ukuxhoma ngexesha lokuhlamba umva ngaphandle kokuvuza kwezinto, ezinokonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa.

Uzinzo lwe-biochemical: Izixhobo ze-biofilter ye-Volcanic rock ziyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, zinert, kwaye azithathi nxaxheba kwiimpendulo ze-biochemical of biofilms kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Umbane ongaphezulu kunye ne-hydrophilicity: Umphezulu we-volcanic rock biofilter unentlawulo elungileyo, ekhuthaza ukukhula okuzinzileyo kwemicroorganisms.Ine-hydrophilicity eyomeleleyo, isixa esikhulu se-biofilm eqhotyoshelweyo, kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo.

Ngokwempembelelo kumsebenzi we-biofilm: Njengomntu ophethe i-biofilm, i-volcanic rock biofilter media ayinabungozi kwaye ayinayo impembelelo yokuthintela kwii-microorganisms ezisisigxina, kwaye ukuziqhelanisa kuye kwangqina ukuba ayichaphazeli umsebenzi we-microorganisms.
Iimpawu zeHydraulics zevolcanic rock biological filter material.

Izinga elingenanto: Umyinge we-porosity ngaphakathi nangaphandle ujikeleze i-40%, enokumelana okuphantsi kwamanzi.Ngexesha elifanayo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezifanayo zokucoca, inani elifunekayo lezinto zokucoca zincinci, kwaye injongo yokucoca ekulindelekileyo inokufezekiswa.
Indawo ethile yendawo ethile: Ngommandla omkhulu ocacileyo, i-porosity ephezulu, kunye nokungangeni, inceda ukunxibelelana kunye nokukhula kwe-microorganisms, ukugcina i-biomass ephezulu ye-microbial, kunye nokuququzelela inkqubo yokudlulisa i-oksijini, izondlo, kunye nenkunkuma eyenziwa ngexesha le-microbial. imetabolism.
Ukumila kwemathiriyeli yesihluzi kunye nepateni yokuhamba kwamanzi: Ngenxa yokuba imathiriyeli yebhayoloji yentaba-mlilo yentaba-mlilo ingamasuntswana angatsolanga kwaye inobukhulu bepore enkulu kunamasuntswana e-ceramic, azikwazi ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kwaye zonga ukusetyenziswa kwamandla xa esetyenziswa.

Iimpawu zayo kukuba ineepores ezininzi, ubunzima obukhanyayo, ukomelela okuphezulu, ukugquma, ukufunxa isandi, ukuthintela umlilo, ukuxhathisa kweasidi kunye nealkali, ukumelana nokubola, kwaye ayingcoliseki kwaye ayinayo i-radioactive.Yimathiriyeli ekrwada yendalo efanelekileyo, ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye nokonga amandla.