UPedro Cantalejo, intloko yomqolomba wase-Ardales Andalusian, ujonge imizobo yomqolomba waseNeanderthal emqolombeni. Umfanekiso: (AFP)
Oku kufunyaniswa kuyothusa kuba abantu bacinga ukuba amaNeanderthal ngabantu bakudala kwaye bangabantu abanobundlongondlongo, kodwa ukuzoba imiqolomba kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-60,000 eyadlulayo kwakuyinto emangalisayo kubo.
Izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba xa abantu banamhlanje babengahlali kwilizwekazi laseYurophu, amaNeanderthal ayetsala ii-stalagmites eYurophu.
Oku kufunyaniswa kuyothusa kuba amaNeanderthal athathwa njengento elula neyoyikekayo, kodwa ukuzoba imiqolomba kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-60,000 eyadlulayo kwakuyinto emangalisayo kubo.
Imizobo yemiqolomba efunyenwe kwimiqolomba emithathu eSpain yenziwe phakathi kweminyaka engama-43,000 kunye nama-65,000 eyadlulayo, iminyaka engama-20,000 ngaphambi kokuba abantu banamhlanje bafike eYurophu. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ubugcisa baqanjwa ngamaNeanderthal malunga neminyaka engama-65,000 eyadlulayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokutsho kukaFrancesco d'Errico, umbhali-mbhali wephepha elitsha kwimagazini iPNAS, olu phando luphikisana, "inqaku lesayensi lithi ezi pigments zisenokuba yinto yendalo" kwaye ziziphumo zokuhamba kwe-iron oxide.
Uhlalutyo olutsha lubonisa ukuba ukwakheka kunye nendawo yepeyinti azihambelani neenkqubo zendalo. Endaweni yoko, ipeyinti isetyenziswa ngokutshiza nokuvuthela.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi kukuba, ubume bazo abuhambelani neesampuli zendalo ezithathwe emqolombeni, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba umbala uvela kumthombo wangaphandle.
Umhla oneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ubonisa ukuba la mabala ayesetyenziswa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ahlukeneyo ngeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10,000.
Ngokutsho kuka-d'Errico weYunivesithi yaseBordeaux, oku “kuxhasa ingcamango yokuba amaNeanderthal aye eza apha amaxesha amaninzi kwiminyaka engamawaka ukuze aphawule imiqolomba ngepeyinti.”
Kunzima ukuthelekisa "ubugcisa" bamaNeanderthal kunye neefresco ezenziwe ngabantu banamhlanje bamandulo. Umzekelo, iifresco ezifumaneka kwimiqolomba yaseChauvie-Pondac eFransi zineminyaka engaphezu kwama-30,000 ubudala.
Kodwa olu lwazi lutsha longeza ubungqina obuninzi bokuba umnombo wamaNeanderthal waphela malunga neminyaka engama-40,000 eyadlulayo, kwaye babengengabo izalamane ezikrwada zamaHomo sapiens ebezisoloko zichazwa njengeeHomo sapiens.
Iqela libhale ukuba ezi peyinti aziyo "ubugcisa" ngengqiqo enqamlezileyo, "kodwa ziziphumo zezenzo zemizobo ezijolise ekuqhubekeni nentsingiselo yomfuziselo wendawo."
Isakhiwo somqolomba “sidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yeempawu zezinye iindawo zaseNeanderthal”, nangona intsingiselo yezi mpawu iseyimfihlakalo.