I-Bentonite iyiminerali engeyiyo-metallic ikakhulu yenziwe yi-montmorillonite.Isakhiwo se-montmorillonite yi-2: 1 uhlobo lwe-crystal structure eyenziwe nge-silica tetrahedra ezimbini ezixutywe kunye nomaleko we-aluminium oxide octahedra.Ngenxa yolwakhiwo olwakhiwe ngeeseli zekristale ze-montmorillonite, kukho iications ezithile, ezinje ngeCu, Mg, Na, K, njl. ngoko baneempawu ezilungileyo zokutshintshiselana kwe-ion.Ngaphandle, isetyenziswe kumasebe angaphezu kwe-100 kwiinkalo ze-24 zemveliso yezoshishino kunye nezolimo, kunye neemveliso ezingaphezu kwe-300, kungoko abantu bayibiza ngokuba "ngumhlaba jikelele".

I-Bentonite yaziwa ngokuba yi-bentonite, i-bentonite, okanye i-bentonite.I-China inomlando omude wokuphuhlisa nokusebenzisa i-bentonite, eyayisetyenziswa ekuqaleni njenge-detergent.Kwakukho imigodi evulekileyo kwindawo yaseRenshou yaseSichuan kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo, kwaye abahlali babhekisela kwi-bentonite njengomgubo wodongwe.Ngokwenene isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kodwa inembali nje engaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka.Ukuqala kokufunyanwa e-United States kwakukwindawo yamandulo yase-Wyoming, apho udongwe oluluhlaza olutyheli, olunokwandiswa lube yintlama emva kokongeza amanzi, lwaluqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yi-bentonite.Enyanisweni, i-mineral component ye-bentonite i-montmorillonite, enomxholo we-85-90%.Ezinye iipropati ze-bentonite nazo zichongwa yi-montmorillonite.IMontmorillonite inokuvela ngemibala eyahlukeneyo efana noluhlaza tyheli, tyheli mhlophe, ngwevu, mhlophe, njalo njalo.Inokwenza iibhloko ezishinyeneyo okanye umhlaba oxekekileyo, onemvakalelo emtyibilizi xa ikhuhlwa ngeminwe.Emva kokongeza amanzi, umthamo weebhloko ezincinci uyanda ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuya kuma-20-30 amaxesha, abonakala kwisimo esimisiweyo emanzini, kwaye kwisimo sokunamathisela xa kukho amanzi amancinci.Iipropati ze-montmorillonite zihambelana nokwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi.

Udongwe olusebenzayo

Udongwe olusebenzayo luyi-adsorbent eyenziwe ngodongwe (ikakhulukazi i-bentonite) njengento ekrwada, ephantsi konyango lwe-acidification ye-inorganic, ilandelwa ngamanzi okuhlamba kunye nokomisa.Inkangeleko yayo ngumgubo omhlophe omhlophe, ongenavumba, ongenancasa, ongenatyhefu, kwaye unomsebenzi onamandla we-adsorption.Iyakwazi ukubhengeza izinto ezinemibala kunye nezinto eziphilayo.Kulula ukufunxa umswakama emoyeni, kwaye ukuyibeka ixesha elide kuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-adsorption.Nangona kunjalo, ukufudumeza ukuya ngaphezu kwe-300 degrees Celsius iqala ukulahlekelwa ngamanzi e-crystalline, okubangela utshintsho lwesakhiwo kunye nokuchaphazela umphumo wokuphela.Udongwe olusebenzayo alunyibiliki emanzini, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo, kunye nee-oyile ezahlukeneyo, phantse zinyibilika kwisoda eshushu ye-caustic kunye ne-hydrochloric acid, kunye noxinzelelo oluyi-2.3-2.5, kunye nokudumba okuncinci emanzini nakwi-oyile.

Umhlaba ofakwe iblitshi yendalo

Udongwe olumhlophe olwenzeka ngokwendalo oluneempawu zendalo zokujija ludongwe olumhlophe, olungwevu olumhlophe ikakhulu oluhlanganiswe yi-montmorillonite, i-albite, kunye ne-quartz, kwaye luhlobo lwe-bentonite.
Ikakhulu imveliso yokubola kwamatye e-volcanic eglasi, angandisi emva kokufunxa amanzi, kwaye ixabiso le-pH lokumiswa lihluke kwi-bentonite ye-alkaline;Ukusebenza kwayo kubi kakhulu kunodongwe olusebenzayo.Imibala ngokubanzi ibandakanya ukukhanya okutyheli, okuluhlaza okumhlophe, ngwevu, umbala womnquma, omdaka, omhlophe wobisi, obomvu bepesika, obhlowu, njalo njalo. Zimbalwa kakhulu ezimhlophe ezisulungekileyo.Ubuninzi be-2.7-2.9g / cm.Ubuninzi obubonakalayo buhlala buphantsi ngenxa ye-porosity yayo.Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kufana nodongwe oluqhelekileyo, kunye namacandelo eekhemikhali eziphambili yi-aluminium oxide, i-silicon dioxide, amanzi, kunye nexabiso elincinci lentsimbi, i-magnesium, i-calcium, njl.Ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-hydrous silicic acid, i-acidic kwi-litmus.Amanzi athambekele ekuqhekekeni kwaye anomthamo omkhulu wamanzi.Ngokubanzi, okukhona ukucoleka, kokukhona aphezulu amandla okususa umbala.

Bentonite ore
I-Bentonite ore iyiminerali enokusetyenziswa okuninzi, kunye nomgangatho wayo.