Umgubo weqokobhe ubhekisa kumgubo owenziwe ngokucolwa nokusila amaqokobhe.I-95% yezithako zayo ziyi-calcium carbonate, i-chitin, kunye nenani elincinci le-amino acids kunye ne-polysaccharides.Ingasetyenziselwa njengezinto eziphezulu zokutya, izimonyo kunye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi, kwaye isetyenziselwa imfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Ukutya kunye nokutya kwe-calcium imithombo yokongeza, ukusetyenzwa kwezacholo, i-desiccants, njl.