Umgubo weqokobhe ubhekisa kumgubo owenziwe ngokutyumza nokucola amaqokobhe. I-95% yezithako zawo yi-calcium carbonate, i-chitin, kunye nenani elincinci le-amino acids kunye ne-polysaccharides. Ingasetyenziswa njengezinto eziphezulu zokutya, izinto zokuthambisa kunye nokuhombisa ngaphakathi, kwaye isetyenziswa kwimfuyo nakwiinkukhu. Izongezo ze-calcium zokutya kunye nokutya, ukulungiswa kwezinto zobucwebe, ii-desiccants, njl.