I-Clinoptolite ibhekisa kwiminerali ye-aluminium silicate equlethe i-sodium, i-potassium, kunye ne-calcium kusapho lwe-zeolite, kunye neekristale ikakhulu ngendlela yeepleyiti ezibonakalayo. I-Zeolite yenye yezona minerali ze-zeolite zininzi. Ikristale yayo ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwaye inokutshintsha ibe mdaka okanye ibe bomvu ngenxa yokungcola. I-Zeolite yi-alkali metal aluminosilicate emanzi enokusebenza njengesihluzo se-molecular emva kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ikhuphe i-nitrogen emoyeni ngokukhetha kwaye ityebise ioksijini. I-Zeolite ingasetyenziswa njengearhente yokutshintshiselana nge-ion kunyango lwenkunkuma yenyukliya, kwaye ikwayiarhente yokuzalisa kunye nokwandisa kwishishini lokwenza amaphepha.

Ngokusekelwe kwimveliso yonyaka emalunga nezigidi ezi-3 zeetoni ze-zeolite zendalo kwihlabathi liphela, ngaphezulu kwe-80% yemveliso ye-zeolite yehlabathi yenziwe ziiminerali ze-zeolite zendalo zohlobo lwe-clinoptilolite. Ukongeza kwezo zendalo, ii-zeolite ezininzi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziye zenziwa kwihlabathi liphela uphuhliso lwemizuzwana ye-cationic. Nangona kunjalo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, zi-zeolite ezingama-232 kuphela ezenziwe ngezi zakhiwo ezifunyenweyo kwaye zenziwe, ngoko ke izazinzulu ezininzi ze-zeolite ziyabuza ukuba kutheni kubonwe iqhezu elincinci lamathuba. I-zeolite yendalo sisixhobo esineendawo ezininzi zokugcina, esiyi-aluminosilicate e-crystalline hydrated enesakhiwo samathambo, equlethe ii-pores ezihlala ngamanzi, i-alkali, kunye ne-alkaline earth metal cations. Ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu e-cationic kunye neempawu ze-molecular sieves, ii-zeolite zendalo zisetyenziswe kakhulu njenge-adsorbents ze-cations kwiindawo zokwahlulwa kunye ne-workbenches ezicocekileyo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.

Uthotho lwe-clinoptilolite luquka iintlobo ezintathu. I-Clinoptilolite K, i-clinoptilolite Na, kunye ne-clinoptilolite Ca zibizwa ngamagama azo aphambili. Ezi zinto zitshintshiselwana ngexesha lokutshintshiselana kwe-cation, nto leyo eluncedo kwiintsimbi ezinzima, iityhefu, i-ammonia, njl.njl. ezinomtsalane omkhulu kwiiminerali.

Umthamo wokutshintshiselana kwee-NH4 cations kumatye e-clinoptilolite uphezulu, kwaye i-clinoptilolite inokutshintshanisa ngokukhetha ezinye iintsimbi ezinzima, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ukususa ii-ion zesinyithi ezinzima.

1. Ukusebenza kokufunxa. I-Zeolite inendawo enkulu ethile (500-1000 square metres/gram) kwaye inokuvelisa amandla amakhulu okusasaza, okwenza ukuba ibe yifunxa egqwesileyo. Kukho ii-pores kunye nemijelo emininzi enobukhulu obufanayo ngaphakathi kweekristale ze-zeolite, ezinobubanzi obuchanekileyo nobuzinzileyo (malunga ne-3-11A) phantsi kweemeko ezithile zomzimba nezekhemikhali. Izinto ezincinci kunobu bubanzi zinokufunxa, ngelixa izinto ezinkulu kunobu bubanzi zingabandakanywa. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"molecular seeve", kodwa ayizizo zonke ii-zeolite ezinokusebenza njengezifunxa zemolekyuli.

2. Ukusebenza kwe-Catalytic. Ngenxa yomphezulu wayo omkhulu wokufunxa, i-zeolite inokwamkela inani elikhulu lezinto ezifunxayo, ezinokukhuthaza iimpendulo zeekhemikhali kumphezulu wayo. Ke ngoko, i-zeolite isebenza njengesikhuthazi esisebenzayo kunye nesithwali se-catalytic.

3. Uzinzo lobushushu. Uzinzo lobushushu lwelitye le-zeolite lunxulumene nezinto ezifana nohlobo lwee-cations ezikwilitye le-zeolite, umlinganiselo we-silicon aluminium we-zeolite, kunye nolwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwe-zeolite.

4. Ukumelana ne-asidi. I-Zeolite inokumelana ne-asidi okuhle. Ukongeza, i-zeolite ikwanazo neempawu zenkqubo ezifana nokusebenza kweekhemikhali, imitha ye-infrared ekude, kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okuguquguqukayo.