1) Ukuphucula amandla e-samente slurry kunye ne-mortar yenye yeempawu zokusebenza okuphezulu kwekhonkrithi. Enye yeenjongo eziphambili zokongeza i-metakaolin kukuphucula amandla e-samente mortar kunye ne-concrete.

UPoon nabanye, amandla ayo kwi-28d kunye ne-90d alingana nalawo esamente ye-metakaolin, kodwa amandla ayo okuqala aphantsi kunesamente emiselweyo. Uhlalutyo lubonisa ukuba oku kunokunxulunyaniswa nokuhlanganiswa okukhulu komgubo we-silicon osetyenzisiweyo kunye nokungasasazeki ngokwaneleyo kwi-slurry yesamente.

(2) ULi Keliang nabanye (2005) bafunde ngemiphumo yobushushu be-calcination, ixesha le-calcination, kunye nomxholo we-SiO2 kunye ne-A12O3 kwi-kaolin kumsebenzi we-metakaolin ukuphucula amandla ekhonkrithi yesamente. Iipolymers zekhonkrithi ezinamandla aphezulu kunye nomhlaba zalungiswa kusetyenziswa i-metakaolin. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa umxholo we-metakaolin uyi-15% kwaye umlinganiselo wesamente yamanzi uyi-0.4, amandla oxinzelelo kwiintsuku ezingama-28 yi-71.9 MPa. Xa umxholo we-metakaolin uyi-10% kwaye umlinganiselo wesamente yamanzi uyi-0.375, amandla oxinzelelo kwiintsuku ezingama-28 yi-73.9 MPa. Ngaphezu koko, xa umxholo we-metakaolin uyi-10%, isalathisi somsebenzi wayo sifikelela kwi-114, ephakame nge-11.8% kunomlinganiselo ofanayo we-silicon powder. Ke ngoko, kukholelwa ukuba i-metakaolin ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ikhonkrithi enamandla aphezulu.

Ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo lwe-axial tensile kunye noxinzelelo lwekhonkrithi kunye nomxholo we-metakaolin ongu-0, 0.5%, 10%, kunye ne-15%. Kufunyenwe ukuba ngokwanda komxholo we-metakaolin, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuqina kwe-axial tensile yekhonkrithi lwanda kakhulu, kwaye i-tensile elastic modulus ayizange itshintshe. Nangona kunjalo, amandla oxinzelelo lwekhonkrithi anda kakhulu, ngelixa umlinganiselo wamandla oxinzelelo wehla ngokufanayo. Amandla oxinzelelo kunye namandla oxinzelelo lwekhonkrithi enomxholo we-kaolin ongu-15% yi-128% kunye ne-184% yekhonkrithi ebhekisayo, ngokwahlukeneyo.
Xa kufundwa ngesiphumo sokuqinisa somgubo we-ultrafine we-metakaolin kwikhonkrithi, kwafunyaniswa ukuba phantsi kokuguquguquka okufanayo, amandla okuxinzelela kunye namandla okugoba komota oqulethe i-10% ye-metakaolin anyuke nge-6% ukuya kwi-8% emva kweentsuku ezingama-28. Uphuhliso lwamandla okuqala ekhonkrithi exutywe ne-metakaolin lwalukhawuleza kakhulu kunolo lwekhonkrithi eqhelekileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi esemgangathweni, ikhonkrithi equlethe i-15% ye-metakaolin inokwanda kwe-84% kumandla okuxinzelela e-3D axial kunye nokwanda kwe-80% kumandla okuxinzelela e-28d axial, ngelixa i-static elastic modulus inokwanda kwe-9% kwi-3D kunye nokwanda kwe-8% kwi-28d.

Impembelelo yomxube womhlaba we-metakaolin kunye ne-slag kumandla kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi ifundwe. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukongeza i-metakaolin kwikhonkrithi ye-slag kuphucula amandla kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi, kwaye umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo we-slag kwisamente umalunga ne-3:7, nto leyo ekhokelela kumandla ekhonkrithi afanelekileyo. Umahluko we-arch yekhonkrithi edibeneyo uphezulu kancinci kunowekhonkrithi ye-slag enye ngenxa yesiphumo sothuthu lwentaba-mlilo se-metakaolin. Amandla ayo okuxinana aqhekekayo aphezulu kunowekhonkrithi esemgangathweni.

Ukusebenza kakuhle, amandla oxinzelelo, kunye nokuqina kwekhonkrithi kufundwe ngokusebenzisa i-metakaolin, i-fly ash, kunye ne-slag njengezinye izinto ezithatha indawo yesamente, kunye nokuxuba i-metakaolin kunye ne-fly ash kunye ne-slag ngokwahlukeneyo ukulungiselela ikhonkrithi. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa i-metakaolin ithatha indawo yesamente eyi-5% ukuya kwi-25% ngokulinganayo, amandla oxinzelelo lwekhonkrithi kuyo yonke iminyaka ayaphucuka; Xa i-metakaolin isetyenziselwa ukutshintsha isamente ngama-20% ngokulinganayo, amandla oxinzelelo kuyo yonke iminyaka afanelekile, kwaye amandla ayo kwi-3d, 7d, kunye ne-28d angama-26.0%, 14.3%, kunye ne-8.9% aphezulu kunalawo ekhonkrithi ngaphandle kokongeza i-metakaolin, ngokulandelelana. Oku kubonisa ukuba kwisamente yohlobo lwesibini lwasePortland, ukongeza i-metakaolin kunokuphucula amandla ekhonkrithi elungisiweyo.

Ukusebenzisa i-steel slag, i-metakaolin, kunye nezinye izinto njengezinto eziphambili zokwenza i-geopolymer cement endaweni ye-Portland cement yendabuko, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokonga amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, kunye nokuguqula inkunkuma ibe yingcebo. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba xa umxholo wentsimbi kunye nothuthu oluhambayo ufikelela kwi-20%, amandla ebhloko yovavanyo kwiintsuku ezingama-28 afikelela phezulu kakhulu (95.5MPa). Njengoko ubungakanani be-steel slag eyongeziweyo bukhula, inokudlala indima ethile ekunciphiseni ukuncitshiswa kwe-geopolymer cement.

Kusetyenziswa indlela yobuchwephesha ethi “iPortland cement+active mineral admixture+high-efficiency water reducing agent”, iteknoloji yekhonkrithi yamanzi enemagnethi, kunye neenkqubo zokulungiselela eziqhelekileyo, kwenziwe uvavanyo malunga nokulungiswa kwekhonkrithi ye-slag yamatye enekhabhoni ephantsi kunye ne-ultra-high kusetyenziswa izinto eziluhlaza ezifana namatye kunye ne-slag ezivela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yasekuhlaleni. Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba idosi efanelekileyo ye-metakaolin yi-10%. Umlinganiselo wobunzima namandla wesamente ngeyunithi nganye yobunzima bekhonkrithi ye-slag yamatye enamandla aphezulu imalunga ne-4.17 ngokuphindwe kayi-concrete eqhelekileyo, ngokuphindwe kayi-2.49 ngokuphindwe kayi-concrete enamandla aphezulu (HSC), kunye nokuphindwe kayi-2.02 ngokuphindwe kayi-reactive powder concrete (RPC). Ke ngoko, ikhonkrithi ye-slag yamatye enamandla aphezulu elungiselelwe ngesamente yedosi ephantsi yindlela yophuhliso lwekhonkrithi kwixesha le-low-carbon economy.

(3) Emva kokongeza i-kaolin enokumelana neqhwa kwikhonkrithi, ubungakanani bembobo yekhonkrithi buyancitshiswa kakhulu, nto leyo ephucula umjikelo wokuqandisa i-concrete. Phantsi kwenani elithile lemijikelo yokuqandisa i-concrete, i-modulus ye-elastic yesampulu yekhonkrithi enomxholo we-15% kaolin kwimihla engama-28 ubudala iphezulu kakhulu kunekhonkrithi esetyenzisiweyo kwimihla engama-28 ubudala. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-metakaolin kunye nezinye ii-mineral ultrafine powders kwikhonkrithi nako kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuqina kwekhonkrithi.