Umgubo weqokobhe ubhekisa kumgubo owenziwe ngokucolwa nokusila amaqokobhe.Izithako zayo ze-95% ziyi-calcium carbonate, i-chitin, kunye nenani elincinci le-amino acids kunye ne-polysaccharides.Ingasetyenziselwa njengezinto eziphezulu zokutya, izimonyo kunye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi, kwaye isetyenziselwa imfuyo kunye neenkukhu.Isondlo kunye nokutya kwemithombo ye-calcium izongezo, ukulungiswa kwezacholo, i-desiccants, njl.

1. I-Adsorption ye-formaldehyde 2. Hlanza umoya 3. Ukuphelisa umsebenzi wevumba 4. Imiphumo ye-antibacterial kunye ne-antibacterial