I-Diatomite, eyaziwa ngokuba “yizinto ezimangalisayo zendalo ezinemingxuma”, yiminerali yendalo. Yenziwe zintsalela ze-diatom (ulwelwe oluneseli enye oluhlala kumachibi amandulo nakwiilwandle ezingaphantsi) kwiminyaka ezizigidi. I-Diatomite isetyenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi kwihlabathi liphela ngenxa yezizathu zayo ezikhethekileyo, eziyenza ibe neempawu ezintle zomzimba nezekhemikhali.

1. Ukwakheka kweDiatomite: Uguquko lweJiyoloji kwiminyaka ezizigidi

Iidiatoms zizinto eziphilayo ezincinci ezineendonga zeseli yesilika, ezinzima ukubola. Xa ezi zidalwa zisifa, amaqokobhe azo ediatoms aya kutshona ezantsi kwamanzi aze enze umaleko otyebileyo wokuqokelelana. Emva kweenkulungwane zokukhupha kunye nokuvelisa iiminerali, ezi layer ziguqulwa zibe yi-diatomaceous earth deposits ngaphandle kokutshabalalisa isakhiwo sazo esineembobo. Ukwakheka kolu hlobo lomhlaba kufuna iimeko ezithile: isitya samanzi esinganzulu, umthombo otyebileyo wesilika kunye nomzimba wamanzi ozinzileyo, ukuze kugcinwe iqokobhe lesilika leediatoms.

Kule mihla, iiminerali ze-diatomite ezikumgangatho ophezulu zifunyenwe kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye ezinye zazo zitsala amehlo kakhulu. I-China, i-United States kunye ne-Europe zonke zinee-mineral deposits. Ubunyulu kunye nolwakhiwo lwale minerali zahlukile, kodwa zonke zigcina uphawu oluphambili lwesakhiwo esineembobo ze-diatomite.

2. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-diatomite: Kutheni ingaqhelekanga?

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ze-diatomite zivela kwisakhiwo sefosili esenziwe yinto ephilayo, nto leyo eyenza yahluke kwezinye izinto ezenziweyo okanye zendalo:

Ulwakhiwo lwemingxuma: Ingaphakathi layo linemingxuma enobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwisikali esincinci ukuya kwisikali se-micron, kwaye imigxobhozo isusela kwi-60% ukuya kwi-90%, nto leyo eyenza i-diatomite ibe nomphezulu omkhulu kwaye ikwazi ukufunxa kunye nokuhluza ngamandla.

Uzinzo lweekhemikhali:Eyona nto iphambili kuyo yi-silicon dioxide (SiO2) engenasimo semvelo, ezinzileyo ngokweekhemikhali, exhathisa uninzi lwee-asidi kunye neziseko, engenabungozi, engenancasa kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.

Iimpawu zomzimba:Ilula kwaye ayinzima kangako, kulula ukuyicubungula ibe ngumgubo okanye imo ekhethekileyo, kwaye ayidingi kutshabalalisa isakhiwo sayo esineembobo.

Ukumelana nobushushu:I-Diatomite inendawo yokunyibilika eyi-1650-1750℃, enokumelana nobushushu obuhle kwaye izinzile nakwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu ezifana nokufakelwa ubushushu kwimizi-mveliso.

Xa zizonke, ezi mpawu zenza i-diatomite ibe yinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu, enokucoca ngempumelelo amasuntswana amancinci kwaye ifunxe ukungcola, kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengesizalisi ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso.

3. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo: iingenelo ze-diatomite

I-Diatomite ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwaye iye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kugubungela izinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla, ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu njalo njalo.

Ukuhluza kwemizi-mveliso (okusetyenziswa kakhulu)

Njengesixhobo sokucoca sendalo, isakhiwo se-diatomite esineembobo sinokubamba amasuntswana angama-0.1-1.0 microns ngokuhlola ngoomatshini kunye nokufunxwa kwe-electrostatic. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi:

Ukutya nesiselo:cacisa ibhiya, iwayini, ijusi yeziqhamo kunye neoyile etyiwayo, kwaye ususe ukungcola, igwele kunye nemibala.

Unyango lwamanzi:Hlambulula amanzi okusela, amanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso kunye namanzi edama lokuqubha ngokususa iintsholongwane, iintsimbi ezinzima kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo.

ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo

I-Diatomite inomthamo omkhulu wokufunxa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwizixhobo zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.

Unyango lwamanzi amdaka:ukufunxwa kweedayi, iintsimbi ezinzima (ezifana nelothe kunye ne-zinc) kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo emanzini amdaka emizi-mveliso.

Ukucoca umoya:Isetyenziswa kwizihluzi zomoya, izinto zodonga kunye neengubo zokubamba ukungcola, uthuli, i-formaldehyde kunye nevumba elimnandi kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi.

Ukulungiswa komhlaba:ukuphucula umoya emhlabeni kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi, abasebenzi abasebenzisa izinto ezingcolisa umhlaba kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula okunempilo kwezityalo.

Uyilo lwezakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo

I-Diatomite yinto exabisekileyo ngenxa yobunzima bayo obulula kunye nobushushu obuhle kakhulu.

Izixhobo zokwakha:Izinto zodonga (ezifana nodaka lwe-diatom) zilawula ukufuma kwangaphakathi ngokufunxa nokukhupha ukufuma, kwaye zibonelela ngemisebenzi yokukhusela isandi kunye nokuthintela umlilo ngaxeshanye.

Iimveliso zokuthintela ubushushu: ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ubushushu bezixhobo zoshishino kunye nezakhiwo ezifana nezitena zokuthintela ubushushu, imibhobho kunye neendonga ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Amanye amashishini

Isithambisi esisebenzayo: songezwa kwipeyinti, iplastiki kunye nerabha ukuphucula amandla, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nozinzo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo: Ingasetyenziswa njengesibulali-zinambuzane sendalo (ukutshabalalisa i-exoskeleton yezinambuzane) kunye nokutya okongeziweyo ukuphucula ukugaywa kwezilwanyana.

Umthwali weCatalyst: ubonelela ngesiseko esizinzileyo seempendulo zeekhemikhali, ezinje ngokucubungula ipetroli kunye nokuveliswa kwe-biodiesel.

4. Indlela yokukhetha i-diatomite ekumgangatho ophezulu

Ayizizo zonke ii-diatomaceous earth ezinomgangatho ofanayo, kodwa ubunyulu bayo, ulwakhiwo lwayo kunye nendlela yokuyilungisa zizinto ezigqiba ngeempawu zayo.

Umxholo weSilica (SiO2):ubunyulu obuphezulu (ngaphezulu kwama-80%) lukhetho olufanelekileyo kumashishini okutya kunye nokucoca okuchanekileyo.

Ulwakhiwo lwembobo:Ukusasazwa kobukhulu beembobo ezifanayo kunokuqinisekisa isiphumo sokuhluza esiqhubekayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokufunxa.

Itekhnoloji yokucubungula:Umzekelo, ukunyibilikisa i-calcium (unyango lobushushu obuphezulu) okanye ukuhlamba (ukususwa kokungcola) kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso ngaphandle kokonakalisa isakhiwo esinemingxuma.

Isiqinisekiso sokuthobela imithetho:fumana ababoneleli abathembekileyo, abanjengoqinisekiso lwenkqubo yomgangatho nokhuseleko, isatifikethi se-ROHS, njl.

Njengomvelisi ngqo, sibeka phambili le migangatho. I-diatomite yethu iphumelele iConfucius esemgangathweni ongqongqo, kwaye lonke iqela leemveliso kufuneka livavanywe ukuba liqulathe i-silicon dioxide, ukusasazwa kwee-pore kunye ne-heavy metal residue ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zoshishino lwehlabathi.

5. Uthelekiso phakathi kwe-diatomite nezinye izinto

Isanti yeQuartz: Xa ithelekiswa nesanti yequartz, i-diatomite ichanekileyo kakhulu ekuhluzweni, oko kukuthi, izinga lokwaliwa, inokucoca amasuntswana amancinci angenakuhluzwa yisanti yequartz, kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo.

I-Perlite:Nangona isantya sokuhamba kwe-perlite sikhawuleza, i-diatomite isebenza ngcono ekufunxeni ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo, kwaye ikhekhe lesihluzo lizinzile ngakumbi, elifanele ukusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezicacileyo (ezifana nebhiya kunye nezinye izimboni).

Ukhetho olufanelekileyo luxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho, kodwa i-diatomite ayinakuthelekiswa nayo kwiiprojekthi ekufuneka ziqwalasele ukuchaneka, ukugcinwa kunye nokuthembeka.

Isiphelo:I-Diatomite-isisombululo sendalo kwimingeni yanamhlanje.

Ukususela ekucoceni amanzi okusela ukuya ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yemizi-mveliso, umthombo wendalo we-diatomite kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuyenza ibe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ehlabathini.

Njengomthengisi othembekileyo onemithombo yezimbiwa ngokuthe ngqo, singabonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena zokucoca, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ulwakhiwo kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ezi nkqubo ziye zavavanywa kwaye zaqinisekiswa ngokungqongqo, kwaye ziyahambelana nesiqinisekiso sokuthobela imithetho yehlabathi.

Nokuba ufuna isihluzo se-AIDS esikumgangatho wokutya, izixhobo zokwakha ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo okanye izisombululo zokufunxa imveliso yemizi-mveliso, iqela lethu likulungele ukukunika inkonzo eyenzelwe wena kunye neesampuli zasimahla ukukunceda ufumane iimveliso ze-diatomite ezifanelekileyo.