Umgubo weKaolin oGuquliweyo woMphezulu woShishino lwePlastiki oNyusa Amandla oMatshini kunye noKuxhathisa uBushushu
Inkcazo emfutshane:
Utshintsho oluqhubekayo lweshishini leplastiki lufuna izizalisi zezimbiwa eziphambili ezinokuthi ngaxeshanye ziphucule ukusebenza kwemveliso, zinciphise iindleko zemveliso, kwaye zandise imida yokusetyenziswa. Phakathi kwezi, umgubo we-kaolin oguqulwe ngumphezulu uvele njengesongezelelo se-linchpin, nto leyo eguqula ukwenziwa kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki kuquka izinto ezibunjiweyo nge-polypropylene (PP), iifilimu ze-polyethylene (PE), kunye neeprofayili ze-polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ngokungafaniyo nomlingani wayo ongaguqulwanga, odla ngokubonisa ukuhambelana okungekho kakuhle nee-resin zeplastiki, umgubo we-kaolin oguqulwe ngumphezulu usebenzisa ii-silane okanye ii-titanate coupling agents ukwenza iibhondi zekhemikhali ezinamandla kunye neetyathanga ze-polymer. Olu nxibelelwano lwe-molecular-level luphucula kakhulu amandla oomatshini, uzinzo lobushushu, kunye nokufana kokusasazwa ngaphakathi kwi-matrices zeplastiki, okwenza ukuba ibe yinto engabalulekanga kwimveliso yeplastiki yanamhlanje.
Ukongezwa kwamandla oomatshini
Ukuqina koomatshini kumela njengesiseko esingenakuxoxiswana ngaso kwiimveliso zeplastiki, ngakumbi ezo zisetyenziswa kumacandelo anzima njengobunjineli beemoto, iziseko zokwakha, kunye nezinto ezihlala ixesha elide zabathengi. Umgubo we-kaolin oguqulweyo ngumphezulu, odla ngokulinganiswa phakathi kwe-1000 kunye ne-2000 mesh, usebenza njengearhente yokuqinisa ngokuseka inethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yeebhondi ze-interfacial zemineral-polymer. Le nethwekhi yenza kube lula ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo koxinzelelo loomatshini kwi-matrix yeplastiki, ukuthintela uxinano lwangaphakathi olunokubangela ukungaphumeleli.
Kwishishini leemoto, apho ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu, ukongezwa kwe-10%-20% ye-kaolin powder eguqulweyo kumphezulu (ngobunzima) kwizinto zangaphakathi ze-PP zemoto—ezifana nee-dashboard casings kunye nee-cango trims—kubonakalise ukuphucuka okumangalisayo. Uvavanyo oluqatha olwenziwe ngumthengisi wezixhobo zemoto ophambili waseJamani lubonise ukonyuka kwe-25%-35% kwamandla okutsalwa, okuphakamisa amaxabiso ukusuka kwi-30 MPa ukuya kwi-37-40 MPa. Kwangaxeshanye, i-flexural modulus ibone ukonyuka kwe-40%-50%, ukusuka kwi-1500 MPa ukuya kwi-2100-2250 MPa. Ezi nzuzo zivumela abavelisi ukuba banciphise ukusetyenziswa kwe-resin ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15%, befumana ukonga okukhulu kweendleko ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni umgangatho wemveliso.
Kwiifilimu zezolimo ze-PE, ukuguqulwa komphezulu we-kaolin powder kuqinisekisa iipropati eziphezulu zokusasazeka, kuthintela ngempumelelo ukuhlangana kwamasuntswana okunokubangela iindawo ezibuthathaka kwisakhiwo. Iifilimu ezibandakanya i-8%-12% yale powder iguquliweyo zibonise ukonyuka kwama-30% ekuchaseni impembelelo, zinyuka ukusuka kwi-8 kJ/m² ukuya kwi-10.4 kJ/m². Olu kuqina luphuculweyo luvumela iifilimu ukuba zimelane nesantya somoya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18 m/s ngaphandle kokukrazuka, nto leyo ebonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ngaphandle kwezolimo.
Uphuculo Lokusebenza Kobushushu
Ukumelana nobushushu kubonisa enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo yomgubo we-kaolin oguqulwe ngumphezulu kwiindawo zeplastiki. Iimveliso ezininzi zeplastiki zanamhlanje, kuquka iindawo zombane, izinto ezingaphantsi kwemoto, kunye nezixhobo zokwakha, kufuneka zinyamezele amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Umxholo ophezulu we-alumina (ukusuka kwi-38%-42%) kumgubo we-kaolin, kunye neendlela ezisebenzayo zokuguqula umphezulu, ziphucula kakhulu ubushushu bokujika kobushushu (HDT) beekhompawundi zeplastiki.
Umenzi weprofayili yePVC odumileyo wase-Itali usebenzise ngempumelelo umgubo we-kaolin oguqulwe ngumphezulu kwimveliso yefreyimu yefestile, nto leyo eyenze ukuba kubekho ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwi-HDT ukusuka kwi-70°C ukuya kwi-85°C. Olu phuculo lokunyamezela ubushushu luqinisekisa ukuba iifreyimu zePVC zinokumelana nokukhanya kwelanga ixesha elide kwiimeko zemozulu zaseMeditera ngaphandle kokugoba okanye ukuguquka. Ngokufanayo, kwiindawo zombane zePP ezigcina izinto ze-elektroniki ezivelisa ubushushu, ukufakwa komgubo we-kaolin kunyuse i-HDT ukusuka kwi-110°C ukuya kwi-130°C, oku kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zobushushu. Ukongeza, umgubo unciphisa ngempumelelo imiba yokuncipha kobushushu; Iindawo ezifakwe i-PP ngenaliti ezine-15% yomgubo we-kaolin zibonise izinga lokuncipha le-1.2%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-2.5% kwi-PP engaqiniswanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuchanekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.
Inkqubo yeMveliso kunye neeNkcukacha zoBugcisa
Ukuveliswa komgubo we-kaolin oguqulweyo phezu komhlaba weplastiki kubandakanya inkqubo eyenziwe ngobuchule enamanqanaba amabini: ukucocwa kwe-ore kunye nonyango lomphezulu. I-ore ye-kaolin eluhlaza ifumana ukuhluzwa ngokusebenzisa ukwahlukana kwe-magnetic kunye neendlela zokuflotha ulwelo ukuze kususwe ukungcola kwe-iron kunye ne-titanium, okunokuphazamisa ukusebenza komgubo. Emva koko, i-ore iyagaywa ibe bukhulu obufunekayo bezinto ezincinci kusetyenziswa iindlela zokugaya ezomileyo ngee-air classifier mills, zivelisa amanqanaba aqala kwi-1000 ukuya kwi-2000 mesh.
Inqanaba lokuguqulwa komphezulu lisebenzisa abaxubi abakhawulezayo abasebenza kwi-1500-2000 rpm ukuze bagqume ngokulinganayo amasuntswana e-kaolin ngee-agents zokudibanisa. Ii-agents zokudibanisa i-silane, ezifana ne-KH-550, zikhethwa kakhulu kwizicelo ze-PP kunye ne-PE ngenxa yokuba zinamandla kakhulu kwiipolymers ze-polyolefin, ngelixa ii-agents zokudibanisa i-titanate ezifana ne-TMC-101 zifanelekile ngakumbi kwiikhompawundi ze-PVC. Umthamo we-agent yokudibanisa ulawulwa ngononophelo kwi-0.5%-1.5% yobunzima bomgubo we-kaolin ukuqinisekisa ukugqunywa okupheleleyo kwamasuntswana ngaphandle kwezinto ezigqithisileyo ezinokuphazamisa ukucutshungulwa kweplastiki. Emva kokuguqulwa, umgubo upholiswa kubushushu obuphakathi kwaye uhluzwe ukuze kususwe naziphi na ii-agglomerates, nto leyo evelisa imveliso ehamba ngokukhululekileyo, elungele ukuhlanganiswa kwiifomyula zeplastiki.
Izalathisi eziphambili zobugcisa zilawula umgangatho wepowder kaolin eguqulweyo kumphezulu weplastiki. Ukusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana, okulinganiswa ngamaxabiso e-D50 angama-5-10 μm (1000 mesh) okanye ama-2-5 μm (2000 mesh), kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kokusasazwa kunye nokuqinisa. Ubumhlophe, obuchazwa njengexabiso le-L* le-≥90%, buqinisekisa ukuhambelana kobuhle kwizicelo apho umbala uyinto ebalulekileyo. Ulawulo oluqinileyo lokufuma (≤0.3%) luthintela imiba efana ne-hydrolysis ngexesha lokucubungula iplastiki, ngelixa izinga lokugubungela i-coupling agent ye-≥95% liqinisekisa ukubopha okufanelekileyo kwe-interfacial. Amaxabiso okufunxa ioyile phakathi kwe-20-25 mL/100g abonisa iimpawu zokumanzisa komgubo, echaphazela i-compound viscosity kunye nokuziphatha kokucubungula. Ezi parameters zivavanywa ngokungqongqo kusetyenziswa izixhobo zohlalutyo eziphambili, kubandakanya i-laser particle size analyzers, i-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), kunye nohlalutyo lwe-thermogravimetric (TGA).
Ubuchule bokuNikezela ngeCandelo loNikezelo kunye neNkxaso yoBugcisa
Isiseko sobonelelo lwe-kaolin powder eguqulweyo phezu komhlaba senziwe ngcono ukuze sihambelane nemijikelo yemveliso ekhawulezayo yoshishino lweplastiki. Iindlela zokupakisha ziquka iingxowa zephepha ezingama-25kg ezinamalayelo amaninzi ezixhotyiswe ngee-liner ezingashukumiyo ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kothuli nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwemveliso, kunye neengxowa ezinkulu ezingama-1000kg ezineemikhono ze-forklift ukuze ziphathwe kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle. Amaxesha okuhambisa acwangciswa, kwaye abathengi bengingqi (umz., ukuthunyelwa okuvela eTshayina ukuya eMzantsi-mpuma Asia) bafumana iiodolo kwiintsuku ezisi-7-14, ngelixa ukuhanjiswa kwamanye amazwe (okufana nokuya eYurophu) kugqitywa kwiintsuku ezingama-21-30.
Ingcaciso yeMveliso
Sine-calcined kaolin, i-washed kaolin, i-metakaolin.
I-kaolin e-calcined, ekwaziwa ngokuba ludongwe lwe-porcelain, inobumhlophe obuphezulu, ithambile kakhulu, iplastiki ilungile, kwaye inomhlwa onamandla
Ukumelana nokuqina kwayo. Yinto ebalaseleyo yokwenza izinto zeseramikhi kunye nerabha.
I-kaolin e-calcined, ekwaziwa ngokuba ludongwe lwe-porcelain, inobumhlophe obuphezulu, ithambile kakhulu, iplastiki ilungile, kwaye inomhlwa onamandla
Ukumelana nokuqina kwayo. Yinto ebalaseleyo yokwenza izinto zeseramikhi kunye nerabha.
Iinkcukacha Imifanekiso
Inzuzo yethu:
Singumzi-mveliso ngqo, singakhawuleza ukuhanjiswa, kwaye singabonelela ngayo nayiphi na isayizi ye-tourmaline ngomgangatho ophezulu.
Singumzi-mveliso ngqo, singakhawuleza ukuhanjiswa, kwaye singabonelela ngayo nayiphi na isayizi ye-tourmaline ngomgangatho ophezulu.
Kwakhona, njengomvelisi, singahlangabezana nazo naziphi na iimfuno zakho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ezifana nephakheji ekhethekileyo, ilogo yakho, izithako zendalo, umaleko omtsha wombala we-mica, i-MSDS kunye ne-TDS ziyafumaneka njl.
| Iindidi | Ibanga lezeMveliso | Intsimbi Ibanga | Ibanga leCeramic | Ibanga le-Fluorescence | I-Optical Ibanga | Phezulu Ubunyulu | |
| Umxholo ongekho ngaphantsi kwe (%) | 93.0 | 96.0 | 98.0 | 99.0 | 99.8 | 99.99 | |
| Ubungakanani bokungcola obungadluli (%) | Na | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | |||
| K | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | ||||
| Ca | |||||||
| Mg | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.02 | ||
| Si | 1% | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | |
| SO4 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.005 | |
| Fe | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0001 | |
| Cl | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.001 | |
| Al | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | |
| Cu | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0002 | |
| Iintsimbi ezinzima (Pb) | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.0005 | 0.0002 | |
Ukusetyenziswa kweePigments ze-Iron Oxide
1. Kwishishini lezinto zokwakha, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwisamente enemibala, iithayile zomgangatho wesamente enemibala, iithayile zesamente enemibala, iithayile ezibunjiweyo ezibunjiweyo, iithayile zomgangatho wekhonkrithi, udaka lombala, i-asphalt enemibala, i-terrazzo, iithayile ze-mosaic, imabula yokwenziwa kunye nokupeyinta eludongeni.
2. Ingasetyenziselwa ukufaka imibala nokukhusela izinto ezahlukeneyo zokugquma, kuquka ukugquma okungaphakathi nokwangaphandle kodonga, ukugquma okumpuphu, njl. Ingasetyenziselwa neeprimer ezahlukeneyo kunye neetopcoats ezifana ne-epoxy, i-alkyd, i-amino, njl. kwiipeyinti ezinamafutha, kunye neepeyinti zokudlala, iipeyinti zokuhombisa, iipeyinti zefenitshala, iipeyinti ze-electrophoretic kunye nee-enamel. Iprimer ebomvu yentsimbi inomsebenzi wokulwa nomhlwa, ingathatha indawo yepeyinti ebomvu ebomvu ebiza kakhulu, ngaphandle kweentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous.
Umenzi ubonelela nge-iron oxide ebomvu, i-iron oxide eluhlaza, i-iron oxide eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-iron oxide emthubi, i-iron oxide violet, i-iron oxide brown, i-iron oxide black njalo njalo. Umbala uphelele, ubungakanani bukhulu kwaye isaphulelo siyancomeka. Xhasa iibhetshi ezixutyiweyo. Wamkelekile ukufowuna ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
1. Kwishishini lezinto zokwakha, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwisamente enemibala, iithayile zomgangatho wesamente enemibala, iithayile zesamente enemibala, iithayile ezibunjiweyo ezibunjiweyo, iithayile zomgangatho wekhonkrithi, udaka lombala, i-asphalt enemibala, i-terrazzo, iithayile ze-mosaic, imabula yokwenziwa kunye nokupeyinta eludongeni.
2. Ingasetyenziselwa ukufaka imibala nokukhusela izinto ezahlukeneyo zokugquma, kuquka ukugquma okungaphakathi nokwangaphandle kodonga, ukugquma okumpuphu, njl. Ingasetyenziselwa neeprimer ezahlukeneyo kunye neetopcoats ezifana ne-epoxy, i-alkyd, i-amino, njl. kwiipeyinti ezinamafutha, kunye neepeyinti zokudlala, iipeyinti zokuhombisa, iipeyinti zefenitshala, iipeyinti ze-electrophoretic kunye nee-enamel. Iprimer ebomvu yentsimbi inomsebenzi wokulwa nomhlwa, ingathatha indawo yepeyinti ebomvu ebomvu ebiza kakhulu, ngaphandle kweentsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous.
Umenzi ubonelela nge-iron oxide ebomvu, i-iron oxide eluhlaza, i-iron oxide eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-iron oxide emthubi, i-iron oxide violet, i-iron oxide brown, i-iron oxide black njalo njalo. Umbala uphelele, ubungakanani bukhulu kwaye isaphulelo siyancomeka. Xhasa iibhetshi ezixutyiweyo. Wamkelekile ukufowuna ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Ukongeza, i-graphite ikwayiarhente yokupolisha kunye nearhente yokulwa nomhlwa kwiglasi nephepha kushishino lokukhanya, kwaye iyinto efunekayo yokwenza iipensile, i-inki, ipeyinti emnyama, i-inki, iidayimani zokwenziwa kunye needayimani. Yinto elungileyo yokonga amandla kunye nokukhusela okusingqongileyo, esetyenziswe njengebhetri yemoto eMelika. Ngophuhliso lwesayensi netekhnoloji yanamhlanje kunye noshishino, intsimi yokusetyenziswa kwe-graphite isakhula. Ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yokwenza izinto ezintsha ezidityanisiweyo kwicandelo lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwesizwe.
Bhala umyalezo wakho apha uze uwuthumele kuthi
